Independent developer field guide
Edition 0012026
Category 03 / 12

Databases

Structured persistence, relation management, and realtime queries.

This layer provides persistent storage, relation management, and state integrity for application data. The first decision is between a structured relational database and a document store, and between an unbundled serverless database and a full backend platform. Managed relational platforms like Supabase give you a full Postgres database with realtime subscriptions, backup automation, and row-level security enforced in the database engine. A common mistake is choosing an unconstrained document store for deeply connected business records, or skipping database migrations during development. That eventually leads to corrupted records, inconsistent relational integrity, and painful schema repairs once you scale in production.

8 tools
Firebase App development platform by Google with managed databases, cloud storage, functions, hosting and developer toolingDatabasesfreemium → Neon Serverless Postgres platform with decoupled compute and storage, database branching and automatic scale-to-zeroDatabasesfreemium → Supabase Open source backend platform with managed Postgres databases, authentication, real-time subscriptions, storage and serverless edge functionsDatabasesfreemium → Drizzle ORM TypeScript ORM with typesafe, SQL-like syntax that compiles to single SQL queriesDatabasesopen source ↗ MongoDB Atlas Fully managed multi-cloud document database service with automated scaling and built-in searchDatabasesfreemium ↗ Prisma TypeScript ORM with type-safe queries and migrations, plus managed database servicesDatabasesfreemium ↗ Turso Distributed database platform built on libSQL SQLite for edge computing and multi-tenant architecturesDatabasesfreemium ↗ Upstash Serverless data platform offering Redis, Vector database and QStash with per-request pricingDatabasesusage-based ↗